Potential Natural Products Regulation of Molecular Signaling Pathway in Dermal Papilla Stem Cells

Molecules. 2023 Jul; 28(14): 5517.Published online 2023 Jul 19. doi: 10.3390/molecules28145517
Potential Natural Products Regulation of Molecular Signaling Pathway in Dermal Papilla Stem Cells
Zar Chi Soe,1,2 Zin Zin Ei,1,3 Kittichate Visuttijai,4 and Pithi Chanvorachote1,3,*
Irwin Rose Alencar Menezes, Academic Editor, Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho, Academic Editor, Almir Gonçalves

Stem cells have demonstrated significant potential for tissue engineering and repair, anti-aging, and rejuvenation. Hair follicle stem cells can be found in the dermal papilla at the base of the follicle and the bulge region, and they have garnered increased attention because of their potential to regenerate hair as well as their application for tissue repair. In recent years, these cells have been shown to affect hair restoration and prevent hair loss. These stem cells are endowed with mesenchymal characteristics and exhibit self-renewal and can differentiate into diverse cell types. As research in this field continues, it is probable that insights regarding stem cell maintenance, as well as their self-renewal and differentiation abilities, will benefit the application of these cells. In addition, an in-depth discussion is required regarding the molecular basis of cellular signaling and the influence of nature-derived compounds in stimulating the stemness properties of dermal papilla stem cells. This review summarizes (i) the potential of the mesenchymal cells component of the hair follicle as a target for drug action; (ii) the molecular mechanism of dermal papilla stem cells for maintenance of their stem cell function; and (iii) the positive effects of the natural product compounds in stimulating stemness in dermal papilla stem cells. Together, these insights may help facilitate the development of novel effective hair loss prevention and treatment.

Keywords: stem cells, hair follicles, dermal papilla cells, natural product-derived compounds, molecular pathways

Table 1: Natural Product-Derived Compounds and Extracts with Hair Regeneration Potential

| Sources | Compounds/Extracts | Chemical Compounds | Mechanism of Action | References |
|---------|--------------------|--------------------|---------------------|------------|
| Minnesota Wildflowers | Geranium sibiricum (L.) Extract | Corilagin, Gallic Acid | Upregulation of VEGF and HGF, Downregulation of TGF-β | [50] |
| Brown Algae | Ishige sinicola | Octaphlorethol A | Progression of Anagen, Upregulation of Cyclin E, CDK2, β-catenin, and phospho-GSK3β, Downregulation of p27kip1 | [51] |
| Grapes, Apples, Blueberries | Resveratrol | 3,5,4-Trihydroxystilbene | Activation of β-catenin pathway and TGF-β1 gene expression, Controlling IGF-1 and KGF gene expression | [52,53] |
| Roots of Polygonum multiflorum | Polygonum multiflorum | 2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (THSG) | Upregulation of β-catenin and Shh | [54,55] |
| Miscanthus Sinensis var Purpurascens Grass | Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens | 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde | Activation of ERK, TGF-β1, HGF, and β-catenin, Decreasing mast cell degranulation, substance P(SP), and neuropeptides | [56,57] |
| Onions, Grapes, Berries, Cherries, Broccoli, Citrus Fruits | Quercetin | Quercitrin | Activation of MAPK/CREB, Increasing the expression of VEGF, bFGF, KGF, Akt, Erk, and CREB | [58] |
| Spreading Sneeze Weed | Centipeda minima (L.) A. Braun & Asch Extract | Brevilin A | Increasing the expression of FZDR, Wnt5a, and VEGF, Activation Wnt/β-catenin, ERK, and JNK | [59] |
| Water Chestnut | Trapa japonica | AC2 Peptide | Increasing the expression of p-Akt, p-ERK, and p-GSK-3 | [1] |
| Palm Oil | Tocotrienols Rich Fraction (TRF) | α, β, γ, δ -Tocotrienol | Decreasing the expression of E-cadherin, Increasing β-catenin, Increasing the expression of pluripotent factors such as Oct4, Nanog, etc. | [60] |
| Milk, Cheese | 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3) | 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 | Activation of TGF-β2, Activation of Wnt10b | [61] |
| Panax ginseng Meyer | Red Ginseng Oil | Oleic Acid, Linoleic Acid, Linolenic Acid | Activation of Wnt/β-catenin and Shh/Gli-1, Expression of VEGF | [62] |
| Salvia Plant | Salvia plebeian | Rosmarinic Acid, Homoplantaginin | Activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, Downregulation of TGF-β1, Activation of Akt pathway | [63] |
| Ginkgo Biloba | Ginkgo Biloba Extract | Ginkgolides A, B, and C, Bilobalid | Activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, Expression of VEGF, Activation of Akt pathway | [64] |
| Centella Asiatica | Centella Asiatica Linn. Extract | Asiaticosides | Expression of VEGF | [65] |

This table summarizes various natural products and their derivatives, the chemical compounds they contain, their mechanisms of action in hair regeneration, and the references for further reading. It's a comprehensive overview of potential natural treatments for hair growth and health.

Long form: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10384366/