Search
Check Out Our Sponsors
Latest topics
Lipopolysaccharide activates an innate immune system response in human adipose tissue in obesity and type 2 diabetes
Page 1 of 1
Lipopolysaccharide activates an innate immune system response in human adipose tissue in obesity and type 2 diabetes
Lipopolysaccharide activates an innate immune system response in human adipose tissue in obesity and type 2 diabetes
Submitted 23 June 2006 ; accepted in final form 5 November 2006
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Adipose tissue (AT) may represent an important site of inflammation. 3T3-L1 studies have demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates toll-like receptors (TLRs) to cause inflammation. For this study, we 1) examined activation of TLRs and adipocytokines by LPS in human abdominal subcutaneous (AbdSc) adipocytes, 2) examined blockade of NF-κB in human AbdSc adipocytes, 3) examined the innate immune pathway in AbdSc AT from lean, obese, and T2DM subjects, and 4) examined the association of circulating LPS in T2DM subjects. The findings showed that LPS increased TLR-2 protein expression twofold (P < 0.05). Treatment of AbdSc adipocytes with LPS caused a significant increase in TNF-α and IL-6 secretion (IL-6, Control: 2.7 ± 0.5 vs. LPS: 4.8 ± 0.3 ng/ml; P < 0.001; TNF-α, Control: 1.0 ± 0.83 vs. LPS: 32.8 ± 6.23 pg/ml; P < 0.001). NF-κB inhibitor reduced IL-6 in AbdSc adipocytes (Control: 2.7 ± 0.5 vs. NF-κB inhibitor: 2.1 ± 0.4 ng/ml; P < 0.001). AbdSc AT protein expression for TLR-2, MyD88, TRAF6, and NF-κB was increased in T2DM patients (P < 0.05), and TLR-2, TRAF-6, and NF-κB were increased in LPS-treated adipocytes (P < 0.05). Circulating LPS was 76% higher in T2DM subjects compared with matched controls. LPS correlated with insulin in controls (r = 0.678, P < 0.0001). Rosiglitazone (RSG) significantly reduced both fasting serum insulin levels (reduced by 51%, P = 0.0395) and serum LPS (reduced by 35%, P = 0.0139) in a subgroup of previously untreated T2DM patients. In summary, our results suggest that T2DM is associated with increased endotoxemia, with AT able to initiate an innate immune response. Thus, increased adiposity may increase proinflammatory cytokines and therefore contribute to the pathogenic risk of T2DM.
_________________
"Mass paranoia is a mode, not a melody" - Greg Graffin
"When you're going through hell, keep going!" - Winstone Churchill
a<r- Admin
- Posts : 819
Join date : 2011-05-12
Age : 33
Similar topics
» Sterol intermediates of cholesterol biosynthesis inhibit hair growth and trigger an innate immune response in cicatricial alopecia.
» Functions of exogenous application of connective tissue growth factor in stimulating human dermal papilla cells and human hair follicle outer root sheath cells for reconstructive tissue-engineering hair follicles
» Adipogenesis; is there a way to get back out BAT (brown adipose tissue)?
» About the September 2011 Yale study - how to improve the adipose tissue in the scalp
» Detumescence Therapy- dedicated volunteers wanted
» Functions of exogenous application of connective tissue growth factor in stimulating human dermal papilla cells and human hair follicle outer root sheath cells for reconstructive tissue-engineering hair follicles
» Adipogenesis; is there a way to get back out BAT (brown adipose tissue)?
» About the September 2011 Yale study - how to improve the adipose tissue in the scalp
» Detumescence Therapy- dedicated volunteers wanted
Page 1 of 1
Permissions in this forum:
You cannot reply to topics in this forum
|
|
Fri May 17, 2024 7:01 am by Atlas
» zombie cells
Sat May 11, 2024 6:54 am by CausticSymmetry
» Sandalore - could it be a game changer?
Wed May 08, 2024 9:45 pm by MikeGore
» *The first scientific evidence in 2021 that viruses do not exist*
Tue May 07, 2024 4:18 am by CausticSymmetry
» China is at it again
Tue May 07, 2024 4:07 am by CausticSymmetry
» Ways to increase adult stem cells
Mon May 06, 2024 5:40 pm by el_llama
» pentadecanoic acid
Sun May 05, 2024 10:56 am by CausticSymmetry
» Exosome Theory and Herpes
Fri May 03, 2024 3:25 am by CausticSymmetry
» Road to recovery - my own log of everything I'm currently trying for HL
Tue Apr 30, 2024 1:55 pm by JtheDreamer