PDGF-AA-induced filamentous mitochondria benefit dermal papilla cells in cellular migration.

Int J Cosmet Sci. 2014 Dec 5. doi: 10.1111/ics.12190. [Epub ahead of print]
PDGF-AA-induced filamentous mitochondria benefit dermal papilla cells in cellular migration.
Mifude C1, Kaseda K.

OBJECTIVE:
Human dermal papilla cells (HDPCs) play essential roles in hair follicular morphogenesis and postnatal hair growth cycles. Previous reports demonstrated that platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA) enhanced the formation of dermal condensates in hair follicular development. Additionally, PDGF-AA induces/maintains the anagen phase of the hair cycle. It is likely that mitochondrial morphology and functions are tightly coupled with maintenance of these energy-demanding activities. However, little is known about the mitochondrial regulation in HDPCs. Thus, we investigated the PDGF-involved mitochondrial regulation in HDPCs.
METHODS:
The mitochondrial morphologies of HDPCs were examined in the presence or absence of PDGF-AA under a fluorescent microscope. ATP production and cellular motility were investigated. The relationship between mitochondrial morphology and the cellular functions was discussed.
RESULTS:
We observed that primary HDPCs contained mitochondria with filamentous and/or rounded morphologies. Both types of mitochondria showed similar membrane potentials. Interestingly, in the presence of PDGF-AA, but not PDGF-BB, the balance between the two morphologies shifted toward the filamentous form. Concomitantly, both mitochondrial enzymatic activity and total cellular ATP level were augmented by PDGF-AA. These two parameters were closely correlated, suggesting the mitochondrial involvement in the PDGF-augmented ATP production. Moreover, PDGF-AA accelerated the migration of HDPCs in a gap-filling assay, but did not change the rate of cellular proliferation. Notably, filamentous mitochondria dominated migrating HDPCs.
CONCLUSION:
PDGF-AA benefits HDPCs in the process of migration, by increasing the number of filamentous mitochondria.

CS, what exactly in layman's terms is this trying to tell us?

Kazbar wrote:CS, what exactly in layman's terms is this trying to tell us?

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) itself is a potent inducer of cell division, or proliferation. So imagine
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the origin of which can be found in scalp skin. or connective tissue, they are adult stem cells which can differentiate into hair follicle buds. The process of this does involve the development of certain diseases (heart disease and cancer) due to cell proliferation.

To understand a bit further some technical info is necessary:

There are two polypeptide chains, designated as A and B. The article specifically relates to the "AA"
PDGF is a disulfide-linked dimer of two related polypeptide chains which are assembled as heterodimers (PDGF AB) or homodimers (PDGF AA and PDGF BB).

The primary effect here is that PDGF-AA induces and maintains the growth phase of the hair follicle. So PDGF-AA is the growth factor that activates surface cells that are sulfur based or keratin based. In other words, it grows hair.

Furthermore, human dental papilla cell contained mitochondria in the presence of PDGF-AA, but not PDGF-BB creates a shift toward a type of mitochondrial that resembles a rod or "hair-like" shape, called a filamentous form.

In addition, the presence of PDGF-AA, but not PDGF-BB increases the mitochondrial enzymatic activity and total cellular ATP level.

Thanks CS